What management function involves setting objectives and determining the course of action to achieve them?

The management function that involves setting objectives and determining the course of action to achieve them is planning. This function is fundamental to the overall management process because it establishes a direction for the organization and outlines the steps required to reach specific goals.

In the planning phase, managers consider various factors, such as available resources, potential obstacles, and the timeframe needed, enabling them to create a roadmap that guides their team toward achieving these objectives. Effective planning allows organizations to proactively adapt to changing environments and make informed decisions that will contribute to their success.

This differs from the other functions. Controlling focuses on monitoring progress and making adjustments to stay on track toward goals, rather than setting them. Forecasting involves predicting future trends and outcomes but does not establish objectives or actions. Leading is about motivating and guiding team members once the objectives and plans are already in place, rather than formulating those plans initially. Overall, planning serves as the foundation for effective management by providing clarity and direction.