What is the process by which an aircraft or part complies with airworthiness requirements?

The term that describes the process by which an aircraft or part complies with airworthiness requirements is "Continuing Airworthiness." This concept encompasses ongoing compliance to ensure that an aircraft remains safe and fit for flight throughout its operational life. It involves regular inspections, maintenance, and adherence to regulations that demonstrate that the aircraft continues to meet safety standards set by aviation authorities.

Continuing airworthiness is critical because it addresses the aircraft's operational integrity after the initial certification process and throughout its lifespan. Various factors such as wear and tear, modifications, and updated regulations can affect the aircraft’s compliance, necessitating a systematic approach to monitoring and maintaining airworthiness.

In contrast, conformity refers to the affirmation that the design and manufacturing processes meet the specific criteria defined in the type certification process. Type certification itself is the approval process that verifies that a particular aircraft design is compliant with safety regulations before it can enter service. Supplemental Type Certificates are used when modifications to the original design require additional approval but are not solely the process of ensuring ongoing compliance. Thus, while these terms are related, "Continuing Airworthiness" specifically captures the essence of maintaining an aircraft's compliance with airworthiness requirements over time.